Which machine is known as the workhorse laser and is most appropriate for skin types IV, V, and VI?

The YAG laser is known as the workhorse laser for treating darker skin types (IV, V, and VI) due to its specific wavelength and the way it interacts with melanin in the skin. It operates at a wavelength of around 1064 nm, which allows for deeper penetration into the skin while minimizing absorption by the melanin present in the epidermis. This characteristic significantly reduces the risk of hyperpigmentation and burns, common concerns when treating individuals with darker skin tones.

In contrast, other types of lasers may have limitations when it comes to safety and effectiveness on these skin types. For instance, the diode laser, while effective for hair removal, may not be as versatile for all skin types. The Alexandrite laser, which operates at a wavelength of 755 nm, is mainly suited for lighter skin types and can pose risks for darker skin due to higher melanin absorption. The CO2 laser is primarily used for skin resurfacing rather than hair removal, focusing more on epidermal and dermal restructuring rather than the targeted action needed for effective hair reduction.

Thus, the YAG laser's efficacy, safety profile, and versatility make it the ideal choice for individuals with skin types IV, V, and VI.